Development and In-Vitro Characterization of Gentamycin Sulphate Nanoemulgel for Ophthalmic Applications

This work investigates the optimization of nanoemulgel by analyzing their viscosity and spreadability properties. The findings demonstrate a negative association between the concentration of the polymer and the spreadability, while the viscosity rises with an increase in the polymer content. As an example, formulation F1 exhibited a viscosity of 62,035 ± 10 mPa•S and a notable spreadability value of 38 ± 1. In contrast, formulations F3 and F4, which had viscosities of 92,345 ± 9 and 97,654 ± 10 mPa•S, respectively, showed insufficient capacity to spread. The improved formulation, F2, had an ideal viscosity of 66,098 ± 6 mPa•S and outstanding spreadability of 37 ± 1. Carbopol 974 and other gelling agents have a substantial impact on the physical properties of nanoemulgels, such as their texture, ability to stick to surfaces, ability to expand, and how they release drugs. The compatibility between the essential oils and the formulation was confirmed using FTIR analysis, which maintained the individual peaks of the components without any interactions. The drug content study showed that cinnamon oil had a high incorporation efficiency of 95.20 ± 1.5%, whereas olive oil had an incorporation efficiency of 93.32 ± 2.6%. The entrapment efficiencies were remarkable, averaging 96.23% for cinnamaldehyde and 97.78% for olive oil. In in vitro release tests, Franz diffusion cells demonstrated sustained release characteristics for both oils over a 24-hour period. The nanoemulgel's mucoadhesive strength, quantified at 41.3 N/cm², ensures prolonged adherence to mucosal surfaces, facilitating the efficient administration of medications. The stability trials done over a three-month period at varied temperatures and humidity levels proved the formulation's durability. These experiments did not lead to any significant alterations in the drug release patterns or physical attributes. These results highlight the capability of nanoemulgel that have been tuned for the administration of topical medications.