Genital tuberculosis: A silent contributor to infertility and adverse pregnancy outcomes

Genital tuberculosis (GTB) is a significant yet often unnoticed reason for infertility, disproportionately affecting women in areas with a high burden of tuberculosis (TB). Notwithstanding its considerable effect on reproductive health, GTB remains underdiagnosed due to its inconspicuous clinical presentation and the limits of existing diagnostic tools. This review gives a top-to-bottom examination of the epidemiological patterns and physiological impacts of GTB, featuring the intricate interchange between illness and infertility. The discussion envelops the complex difficulties in diagnosing GTB-associated infertility, which incorporate the nonspecific symptoms, the absence of delicate and explicit diagnostic tests, and the potential for misdiagnosis with other gynecological conditions. Furthermore, we investigate the ongoing pharmacological medications used to treat GTB, focusing on their efficacy, limitations, and the emergence of drug-resistant TB strains that complicate treatment outcomes.