Comparison of Sleep Quality and Coronavirus Disease-Related Anxiety in Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Women

Background and Objective The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) outbreak could profoundly affect pregnant women’s health. This study aims to compare the sleep quality and anxiety related to COVID-19 between pregnant and non-pregnant women attending clinics and health centers of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.Methods This case-control study involved 105 pregnant women and 50 non-pregnant women who attended clinics of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences from April to October 2022. After obtaining informed consent and evaluating inclusion and exclusion criteria, data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, a single-variable sleep quality questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Corona Anxiety Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22 with independent two-sample t-tests, ANOVA, chi-square tests, and correlation analyses. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results There was a statistically significant difference in the average anxiety score between pregnant and non-pregnant women (p=0.041). No significant difference was observed across the three trimesters in pregnant women (p=0.304), although the highest mean was in the third trimester. No statistically significant difference was observed in sleep quality between the two groups (p>0.05).Conclusions Compared to non-pregnant women, pregnant women experienced greater COVID-19-related anxiety, with the highest average anxiety score occurring in the third trimester. Both pregnant and non-pregnant women exhibited mild sleep quality issues, though no statistically significant difference was found between the sleep quality of the two groups.