Neurocognition and affective temperament in first-degree relatives of patients with bipolar disorder in south India: a cross-sectional study

Impairments in working memory, executive function, and certain affective temperaments are potential endophenotypes for bipolar I disorder. Working memory and executive function are most important cognitive domains for social, occupational, and interpersonal functioning. These potential markers could be used to trace susceptible genes for bipolar disorder and thus enhance our understanding of the complex genetics of mood disorders.