Evaluation of in-vitro cytotoxicity and in-vivo toxicity of aqueous fraction of Ribes orientale aqueous ethanolic extract using rodents

The present research investigated the probability of toxicity of the aqueous fraction of Ribes orientale (ROAF) after acute, subacute, and sub-chronic periods of administration. Mice were given doses varying between 10–5000 mg/kg during the acute trial. Rats were administered 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg doses for 30 days, whereas 300, 600, and 900 mg/kg doses were given for 14 days. The rats' weight as a whole, organ weight, hematology and biochemical indices, and histology of liver, kidney, and heart tissue had all been assessed. Because no dose incited notable behavioral alterations or mortality in an acute poisoning, the LD50 was higher than 5000 mg/kg. For sub-acute toxicities, ROAF had no effect on body or organ weight, while only slight changes of both serum and blood measurements were identified. But just slight changes in lymphocytes and neutrophils, total protein, ALP and glucose at some doses were noted but these changes were not allied with histopathological alterations. In sub-chronic toxicity, ROAF did not modify weights (body/organ), non-significant variances in hematology and biochemistry were observed, affirmed by histopathology. Therefore, the results above indicate that ROAF is rather safe to take orally with a broad margin of safety for therapeutic usage at lower dosages because it did not cause death in animals or create any notable side effects related to hematological, biochemical, or structural processes.