Quorum sensing inhibits phage infection by regulating biofilm formation of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> PAO1

Phage therapy is a powerful solution to combat drug-resistant pathogenic bacterial infections and has earned remarkable success in clinical treatment. However, recent insights underscore the potential impact of bacterial QS on phage infection dynamics. Here, we reported a unique phenomenon wherein QS, particularly in the <i>las</i> QS pathway, showed distinctive plaque formation behaviors by enlarging halos around plaques in mutant strains. In addition to this, we first elucidated the correlation between biofilm formation and phage infection. Notably, the <i>las</i> QS could inhibit phage adsorption, an effect closely related to biofilm thickness. Such research could be the evidence to steer bacterial QS toward favorable therapeutical outcomes. Therefore, our work can extend the comprehension of the interactions between bacteria and phages influenced by QS, thereby providing new perspectives on leveraging QS interference to enhance the efficacy of phage therapy for clinical applications.