Phylogeny of Multi and Extensively Drug Resistant Salmonella enterica Isolated from Salmonellosis Patients in Basra Province Iraq

Salmonella, a bacterial genus, is responsible for salmonellosis, a global disease that can impact both humans and animals. 80 clinical specimens were collected from individuals displaying signs of salmonellosis in Basrah province. The Salmonella isolates were obtained and identified using bacterial culturing on suitable conditions and validated techniques, such as the Vitek2 system and 16S rDNA gene amplification. A study was conducted to assess the susceptibility of antibiotics using the CLSI 2022 guidelines. The findings indicated that 7 specimens of the 80 patient specimens examined, tested positive for Salmonella. Depending on the method used to sequence the 16S rDNA gene's nucleotide sequence. Just six isolates were submitted to register their sequences in the Gene Bank-NCBI in order to diagnose them at the species and serovars level, receive accession numbers, and then determine their phylogeny. Salmonella Typhi is represented by four accession numbers (LC773417.1), (LC773418.1), (LC773419.1), and (LC773420.1). Salmonella Typhimurium is denoted by a single accession number LC773421.1. One accession number LC773422.1, is listed as Salmonella enterica only. Conclusion: PCR demonstrated a notable degree of precision when it came to identifying Salmonella spp at serovars level. Salmonella sreovars exhibiting multi and extensively drug resistance were successfully isolated and identified.