MODERN VIEWS ON CLINICALLY APPLIED ANATOMICAL FEATURES OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE NOSE AND PARASITE SINUSES

The work is devoted to the review of the clinical features of the variant anatomy of the walls of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, which are important structures of the upper respiratory tract. The variability of the anatomy of these structures can have a significant impact on their functioning and contribute to the development of various pathological conditions, in particular sinusitis and nasal breathing disorders, which determines the urgency of conducting research in this direction in order to obtain new data of such a scientific search. The purpose of the research is a bibliosemantic review of probable manifestations of the variant anatomy of the structure of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses according to the data of modern advanced scientific research. Special attention is paid to the importance of identifying these anatomical features before surgical interventions, which allows reducing the risk of complications and increase the effectiveness of treatment. Conclusions. Among modern researchers, there is a debate about the morphological characteristics and anatomical variability, the causes and mechanisms of diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses, which have not been fully studied. The data obtained during lifetime studies of the human body allow assessing the morphological state and functional changes of bone tissue, cartilaginous structures and soft tissues of the nose, but requiring the study of age-related anthropometric parameters in the dynamics of postnatal ontogenesis. Anatomical variations of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses are important when planning surgical interventions, especially endoscopic operations. Identifying individual anatomical differences is critically important for reducing the risk of postoperative complications and achieving better treatment results, prospects for reconstruction in case of injuries of various genesis and in the practice of plastic surgery of the nose. Computed tomography (CT) and determination of CT density of tissues, the use of 3D modeling are indispensable tools for accurate identification of all structures before surgical procedures.