Reinforcement learning with soft temporal logic constraints using limit-deterministic generalized Büchi automaton

This paper investigates control synthesis for motion planning under conditions of uncertainty, specifically in robot motion and environmental properties, which are modeled using a probabilistic labeled Markov decision process (PL-MDP). To address this, a model-free reinforcement learning (RL) approach is designed to produce a finite-memory control policy that meets complex tasks specified by linear temporal logic (LTL) formulas. Recognizing the presence of uncertainties and potentially conflicting objectives, this study centers on addressing infeasible LTL specifications. A relaxed LTL constraint enables the agent to adapt its motion plan, allowing for partial satisfaction by accounting for necessary task violations. Additionally, a new automaton structure is introduced to increase the density of accepting rewards, facilitating deterministic policy outcomes. The proposed RL framework is rigorously analyzed and prioritizes two key objectives: (1) satisfying the acceptance condition of the relaxed product MDP, and (2) minimizing long-term violation costs. Simulation and experimental results are presented to demonstrate the framework’s effectiveness and robustness.