Articulation Node Based Mobile Node Routing Protocol in a Hybrid IoT Network

In static IoT networks, fixed sensor nodes can create a bottleneck at central hubs, leading to congestion and rapid energy depletion, which may result in network partitioning or failure. Existing routing protocols, such as RPL, are not well-equipped to handle these issues effectively. To overcome these challenges, we propose the Articulation Node-Based Mobile Node Routing Protocol for LLNs (AMRPL), designed to address the limitations of traditional static networks. AMRPL dynamically identifies articulation nodes, which are critical for maintaining connectivity, and instructs mobile nodes to balance the load by moving towards these points. This approach mitigates the congestion and energy depletion issues found in traditional methods. Simulation results, conducted in the Cooja environment, demonstrate that AMRPL outperforms RPL by improving Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), reducing End-to-End delay, and lowering energy consumption through efficient load distribution by mobile nodes. These improvements underscore the protocol's capability to enhance the overall performance and reliability of hybrid IoT networks.