Charging Infrastructure and E-mobility Integration: Economic and Energy Benefits for Sustainable Grid Management

In order to fully exploit the potential of renewable energy sources (RES), integrated into existing electricity grids, significant technological and infrastructural improvements or grid renovations are required, as well as the development of intelligent systems for real-time management of energy flows at the connection points. EVs charging infrastructure, due to its technological characteristics, has a large but not fully exploited potential for regulatory and financial functions in this direction. This paper discusses the economic benefits of the impact of EVs and charging infrastructure on grids with an increasing share of RES in the energy mix of countries in energy transition. Another aim of the paper is to prove some concepts and models to tackle the challenge of integrating charging stations into existing electricity grids. There are approaches to solve the load-balancing problem through battery storage. Economically, battery storage is expensive to install and maintain, but has the advantage of being demand-responsive. V2G technology is an optimal solution, but with a charging station infrastructure under construction, which is currently happening in Bulgaria.