Electromagnetic Power Harvesting by Electrically Small, Resonant, Parasitic, Superdirective Arrays Designed via Characteristic Mode Theory

The work at hand provides a comprehensive study of Electromagnetic Power Harvesting via Metamaterial type antennas on the context of the Characteristic Mode Theory. Super-directive, parasitic arrays of electrically small but resonant element radiators - particles are studied, designed and evaluated. The presented designs provide more antenna-gain than conventional ones by invoicing and practically matching the theoretical maximum bounds of super-directivity boosting the rectenna system to its absolute limits, as far as the antenna part is concerned. Furthermore, those arrays apart from their own merit they exhibit the characteristic that can be arranged in large host surfaces to scale for even more increased performance. In the current work we will show that the analysis of harvesting particles via Characteristic Mode Theory can provide in-depth understanding of the physics involved and assist on performance improvement strategies during relative design circles.