Channel Characterization for China Lunar Base at 500 MHz and 23 GHz

A lunar base is a pivotal platform for future human exploration and utilization of the Moon. This study examines the channel characteristics of the 500 MHz and 23 GHz frequency bands within a future lunar base. Utilizing ray tracing technology combined with empirical modeling methods and based on the “cloverleaf” lunar base layout, simulations and analyses were conducted on the channel performance within working, living, and biological cabins. Results indicate that at 500 MHz, signals exhibit superior penetration and anti-interference capabilities, whereas 23 GHz signals are significantly affected by multipath effects and environmental factors. The channel characteristics vary notably among different cabins, with the biological cabin experiencing the most complex propagation environment. The findings provide essential guidance for developing efficient and secure communication systems for future lunar bases.