Optimizing Channel Availability in WLAN 6GHz Networks Using Automatic Frequency Coordination(AFC) System

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has authorized the use of 1200 MHz in the 6 GHz (5.925 - 7.125 GHz) band by Wi-Fi devices in the US, while ensuring the protection of fixed services and microwave links through Automated Frequency Coordination (AFC). As per the FCC rules, the Wi-Fi 6E/7 Access Points (APs) in the local area networks query the AFC to obtain a list of permitted 6 GHz channels for APs to operate in standard power mode (indoor APs) and allowed power levels (for outdoor deployments). The existing system operates under the assumption that the incumbents transmit continuously, which results in reduced channel availability for WLAN networks. This paper proposes improvements to the AFC system by validating the presence of incumbents in the area using an off-channel radio to monitor the spectral characteristics of incumbents. This approach enables 6 GHz WLAN networks to access an increased number of channels without causing interference to the incumbents.