Effective Energy Management For Hybrid Marine Vessels

This paper presents a modified optimization-based energy management strategy for hybrid electric vessels powered by dual proton exchange membrane fuel cells, batteries, and ultra-capacitors. The total power output of the dual PEMFC is calculated using the equivalent consumption minimum strategy, and a map search engine is employed to efficiently allocate power across each fuel cell stack to optimize overall efficiency. The remaining energy is distributed between the batteries and UCs using an adaptive co-state approach that adjusts dynamically based on the state of charge (SOC) of each device. To account for the strict SOC constraints of the energy storage devices, a correction layer is introduced to refine SOC regulation.