EMC and Multipath Interference Analysis in Low-Voltage Power Line Communication

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) presents a significant challenge in power line communication (PLC) research. Power lines, originally designed for electricity distribution rather than data transmission, operate in a complex and dynamic electromagnetic environment, resulting in random noise that undermines transmission stability and reliability. This paper focuses on the modeling and mitigation of such noise. Traditional approaches, which rely on exponentially decaying sinusoidal signal models, fail to account for modern issues introduced by contemporary appliances. These include asynchronous noise from switching power supplies, synchronous noise from rectifiers, and multi-path interference caused by time-varying impedance. Here, we develop and simulate a real-world EMC model, offering new insights into these emerging challenges.