Impact of turnip biodiesel-diesel blends on engine performance and fuel properties: a comparative analysis

The imperative for alternative energy sources has become increasingly evident due to the rising impacts of climate change and greenhouse gas emissions. Biodiesel has emerged as a prominent contender among alternative fuels, offering advantages such as low toxicity, biodegradability, and favorable emission profiles. However, its production faces significant cost burdens, mainly from the expense of vegetable oil. Mustard, with its high oil content in seeds, presents a promising alternative oil source for biodiesel production. This study evaluates the effects of blending biodiesel derived from Brassica rapa ssp. Oil turnip seeds with diesel fuel on fuel properties and engine performance. Transesterification was employed for biodiesel production, and experimental fuels were prepared with varying biodiesel ratios. Engine performance tests, energy analyses, and uncertainty analyses were conducted, revealing a decrease in torque, power, and an increase in specific fuel consumption with higher biodiesel ratios. Energy analysis showed an increase in fuel energy flow with engine speed. Overall, the study contributes to the understanding of Brassica rapa biodiesel production and its application in internal combustion engines.