Verbal Intention and Verbal Reaction: Psycholinguistic aspect

Human communication is vital for the development and survival of society, yet it remains a complex and multifaceted process. This study aims to explore the concepts of "speech intention" and "speech response," examine their relationship within a conversation, and identify the main types of stimulus statements that express the speaker's intention, as well as the main types of verbal responses. To achieve the study's objectives, a descriptive and comparative approach is adopted. The research methods include collecting material examples, classifying language material, analysing components and context, conducting linguistic experiments, determining functional significance, using invariant analysis, and applying linguistic comparison techniques. In the process of communication, a dialogical exchange between two people includes components like language intention, which refers to the speaker's communicative goal or purpose, and verbal response, which is the listener's reply to the speaker's intentions, such as questions, requests, or information. The speaker’s intention can be simplified into three main objectives: to inform the listener, to receive information through a response to a question, or to express a will that directs the listener to take or not take a specific action. These intentions are reflected in three main types of sentences: declarative, interrogative, and imperative. The study concludes that the relationship between speech intention and speech response is key to understanding dialogue. Furthermore, the typology of responses proposed in the study can be a useful framework for future research on communication. The practical value lies in providing insights that can enhance our understanding of communication dynamics and improve language teaching methods.