Analysis and Prediction of Air Quality in Changsha City

Air quality is a critical factor affecting public health and the ecological environment, and it is significant for the sustainable development of cities. This study analyzes air quality data in Changsha from 2013 to 2023, revealing trends and seasonal characteristics while exploring the correlations among pollutants. The results indicate a significant overall improvement in air quality in Changsha, with the annual average Air Quality Index (AQI) decreasing from 120 in 2013 to 80 in 2022. Concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 have markedly declined, while O3 concentrations show an increasing trend. Seasonal analysis shows that winter has the poorest air quality and summer has the best. Correlation analysis reveals a high positive correlation between PM2.5 and AQI. The study suggests strengthening the comprehensive management of PM2.5, establishing a synergistic control mechanism for O3 pollution through VOCs and NOx, implementing seasonal differentiated management strategies, deepening regional joint prevention and control, enhancing traffic source pollution control, improving early warning capabilities, promoting public participation, and strengthening policy support and economic incentives. These measures will contribute to further improving air quality in Changsha and promoting the city’s sustainable development.