Application status and development trend of two-photon polymerization technology in 3D printing field

Two-photon polymerization (TPP) technology has garnered significant attention in the field of 3D printing due to its exceptional sub-micron resolution capabilities. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamental principles of TPP, material development, system construction, and explores its applications in micro-optics, biomedicine, and micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS). Additionally, this study analyses the technological challenges and future development directions, highlighting the importance of material innovation and interdisciplinary integration. The findings suggest that TPP technology holds immense potential in the field of high-precision manufacturing.