Using waist circumference as a predictor of hypertension in Manzese, Dar es Salaam: a community-based cross-sectional study, 2023

Among 561 participants screened, 70.4% were female, with a median age of 47 years (IQR: 34-58). The overall prevalence of hypertension was 45.8% (95% Confidence interval [CI]: 41.7-49.9). Those with elevated waist circumference had a 34% higher likelihood of hypertension (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] 1.34, 95% CI: 1.03-1.73, P = 0.027). Participants aged 35 and above were 160% more likely to be hypertensive (aPR 2.6, 95% CI: 1.79-3.78, P < 0.001). A family history of hypertension increased the likelihood by 31% (aPR 1.31, 95% CI: 1.08-1.59, P = 0.006). CONCLUSION : This study reveals a high prevalence of hypertension among Manzese residents, with key risk factors including elevated waist circumference, age ≥ 35 years and a family history of hypertension. The strong association between waist circumference and hypertension suggests that incorporating waist measurement into cardiovascular risk assessment could enhance early detection and improve prevention efforts. This practical and cost-effective approach may improve the identification of at-risk individuals, enabling timely interventions and reducing the long-term burden of hypertension-related complications.