ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ КОГНІТИВНОЇ СФЕРИ У ПРОЦЕСІ ДИСТАНЦІЙНОГО НАВЧАННЯ

The article presents a concise overview of the phenomenon of distance learning as discussed in the scientific studies of contemporary foreign and domestic psychologists. It outlines the research findings on the functioning of perception, memory, and attention over the course of extended distance learning. Both positive aspects (such as opportunities for self-development, acquisition of modern skills, and activity planning) and negative effects (such as the loss of direct interaction, reduced possibilities for control, and disruptions in cognitive development as a whole) are highlighted. Changes in the psychophysiological functions of the modern individual under the influence of the widespread use of information technologies are identified. Significant transformations in mental processes (perception, memory, attention) that are crucial for the quality of learning material assimilation are emphasized, including difficulties with concentration, memory impairment, and challenges in material reproduction. The results of diagnostic studies of the mental processes of higher education students are presented, indicating disruptions in attention properties (concentration, shifting, distribution), memory processes (memorization, recall), perceptual inertia, superficial perception, and the influence of emotions on perception. A six-component approach for improving material perception in a distance learning format is proposed.