Brief analysis of the architecture and topology of an electromechanical braking system for wheeled vehicles

Background. With the implementation of the main paradigm of the modern automotive industry, which consists in increasing the environmental friendliness, electrification and intellectualization of cars, the demand for electromechanical brake systems is rapidly growing. However, not a single design variant of the electromechanical brake drive has yet been introduced into serial production, although many publications and patent applications have been made. One of the main reasons for this is the need to optimize functional safety, which follows from the lack of a mechanical or hydraulic connection between the brake pedal and the actuator brake mechanisms. An electromechanical brake drive is used in the braking system of a vehicle as an actuator that converts electrical energy into translational motion of the rod to actuate the service brake mechanism. Aim of the work is to analyze the currently existing architectures and topologies of electromechanical brake drives. Materials and methods. The study used the methods of scientific analysis, synthesis, generalization, as well as a patent search and analysis of scientific publications in open sources. Results. The article provides a general classification of brake systems, shows the advantages of the electrohydraulic brake drive as a predecessor of electromechanical brakes from the point of view of the evolution of control systems and the problems that arose during its implementation. A typical architecture of an electromechanical brake system adapted to intelligent vehicles is considered. Indirect and direct methods of controlling the electromechanical brake drive, their features and possible implementation options are analyzed. Based on the basic structure, an evaluation algorithm for indirect control of the compression force and clamping of the disks on the wheel and an algorithm for direct control of the actuator are generalized. Options for the topology of an electromechanical brake drive are given as applied to a two-axle bus. Conclusions. The article summarizes the current progress and future prospects in the field of creating electromechanical brake systems.