Performance assessment of radiator using various combinations of nanofluids as coolant

This study considers the effect of CuO (copper oxide) nanoparticles on the heat transfer performance of automotive radiators with imprint formulation while controlling the design of experiments and the factors affecting its performance. Other factors include the concentration of CuO nanoparticles, which is characterized by measuring actual thermal performance parameters such as thermal conductivity and pressure drop. The experimental design includes the configuration of the apparatus, the measuring devices and their arrangement, and the placement of thermometers and flow restrictors for efficient data collection. Externally controlled and monitored conditions include a non-restricted constant temperature space and minimal or no airflow to avoid inconsistencies in the gathered data. In this study it has been seen that with increased CuO concentrations where enhanced heat transfer was achieved, there was also a corresponding increase in flow resistance. This research justifies the need to design an appropriate experimental plan and control the measuring conditions to achieve the expected results with precision and reproducibility. This work contributes to this understanding and presents various possibilities for improving radiator performance using nanotechnology.