A Clinico-Epidemiological Profile of Scrotal Swellings among Adults in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Scrotal swellings are a common clinical presentation among adult males, and they arise from a variety of causes, like infections, trauma, or tumours.This study aimed to examine the clinicoepidemiological profile of adult patients presenting with scrotal swellings at a tertiary care hospital.A cross-sectional study was conducted over one year, involving 194 adult male patients admitted to the Department of General Surgery at Sree Balaji Medical College Hospital.Comprehensive clinical examinations, high-resolution ultrasonography, and, where applicable, surgical interventions were employed to diagnose and treat the cases.The study found that the majority of scrotal swellings were caused by hydrocele (29.4%), followed by orchitis (19.1%), varicocele (14.9%), and spermatocele (13.4%).Surgical intervention was necessary in 71% of the cases, with Jaboulay's procedure being the most commonly performed.Conservative management was applied in 29% of cases.Postoperative complications were observed in 45.4% of the patients, with scrotal edema being the most frequent complication.Age distribution indicated that the majority of cases (31.4%) occurred in patients aged 39-48 years, with the incidence decreasing in both younger and older age groups.In conclusion, scrotal swellings in adult males present a diverse array of etiologies, with hydrocele being the most prevalent.High-resolution ultrasonography plays a pivotal role in early diagnosis and treatment, minimizing complications and improving patient outcomes.Surgical intervention, when indicated, was effective, though postoperative complications such as scrotal edema require careful management.