The Pedobarographic Assessment and Investigation of Quality of Life in Individuals With and Without Hallux Valgus

Aim: Hallux valgus (HV) is a complex three-dimensional deformity characterised by medial deviation of the first metatarsal and lateral deviation and pronation of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTF). This deformity of the foot directly affects the distribution of plantar pressure due to misalignment of the bones of the foot. Considering this information, the primary aim of this study was to analyze the changes in plantar pressure between individuals with and without hallux valgus. Method: The study included 60 feet with HV and 60 feet without HV. All assessments were performed by the same physiotherapist using a pedobarography device for Hallux Valgus Angle (HVA), SF-36 Short Form and plantar pressure assessments. Statistical software IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 22.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) was used. Continuous variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation, while qualitative variables are expressed as number and percentage (%). The independent variable (IV) was analysed using Student's t-test with a statistical significance of p ≤ 0.05 for all measurements in both directions. Results: In the study, a significant decrease was observed in all sub-parameters of quality of life among individuals with HV compared to individuals without HV (p < 0.05). Individuals with HV showed a significant decrease in plantar pressure under the hallux and first metatarsal head but a significant increase in plantar pressure under the second and third metatarsal heads, second and third toes, and fourth and fifth toes compared to individuals without this condition (p = .001). Conclusion: It is thought that the decrease in plantar pressure on the hallux in individuals with hallux valgus is due to pain and inflammation in the affected area. Therefore, it was observed that the plantar pressure on the lateral side of the foot increased depending on the affected area. In addition, it was found that the decrease in the quality of life of individuals with hallux valgus was associated with pain, inflammation and changes in the plantar pressure of the hallux.