Advances in electrospinning for fabricating ceramic fibers: review

With the development of new materials and chemical technologies, more diverse materials have emerged, and their application fields are expanding. Products have been manufactured mainly in the form of three-dimensional volumes or two-dimensional shapes with thin thicknesses. Functional engineering structures with one-dimensional shapes generally refer to fibers with micro/nano-scale diameters. Micro/nano fibers have attractive features such as high surface-to-volume ratios, excellent mechanical flexibility, and excellent optical transparency, and can be utilized in various fields. Methods for manufacturing one-dimensional fibers based on simple printing techniques have been studied. Electrospinning is a simple, efficient, and versatile technique that can produce one-dimensional ceramic fibers, and nanofibers can be produced through economic settings. To manufacture ceramic fibers, it is necessary to understand the variables of the electrospinning process, including additive synthesis. Productivity can be easily maximized by using multiple nozzles, and efforts are being made to improve the quality of electrospinning through fusion such as jet miniaturization or image processing. Under this background, various derivative technologies such as electrospray, electric jet, and near-field electrospinning are being studied together. Each technology has its own characteristics and should be used according to the appropriate application. Therefore, this study examines the methods and research trends of electrospinning from a manufacturing perspective.