Plant-based body lotion containing <i>Stemona tuberosa</i> and <i>Aloe vera</i> extracts enhances moisturizing property in human skin, inhibits tyrosinase activities, and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>: in vitro and

Skin is the largest organ of the human body, serving as a protective barrier against various environmental factors, including sunlight, chemical agents, and pathogens. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical effects and moisturizing properties of a body lotion containing extracts of <i>Stemona tuberosa</i> and <i>Aloe vera</i> (BSAE) on human skin, as well as to assess the antibacterial effectiveness of the lotion against skin-infecting pathogens. A significant difference (P < 0.05) in the average water content of the epidermis was observed after volunteers used BSAE for 14 and 28 days, with values of 84.47 ± 1.28 and 100.82 ± 1.22, respectively. Additionally, transepidermal water loss at day 14 and day 28 was measured at 8.31 ± 1.31 and 6.83 ± 0.89, respectively. The melanin content in the volunteers significantly decreased after using BSAE for 14 days, showing a value of 269 ± 1.89 compared to a baseline value of 278.43 ± 1.03 at day zero (before use). Furthermore, <i>Stemona tuberosa</i> extract demonstrated an inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity in vitro. The BSAE also exhibited antibacterial activity against <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value as 16 mg/mL. GC-MS analysis identified 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural as the primary phytochemical in <i>Stemona tuberosa</i> extract, followed by Hexadecanoic acid. These results suggest that BSAE may enhance water retention in the epidermis, reduce transepidermal water loss and melanin content, and inhibit the growth of <i>P. aeruginosa</i>.