Regulated Crystallization Through Intermolecular Interactions Bridging for Efficient Tin‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells
Tin halide perovskite (THP) has emerged as a promising lead-free material for high-performance solar cells, attracting significant attention for their potential use for energy conversion. However, the rapid crystallization of THP due to its high Lewis acidity and easy oxidation of Sn<sup>2+</sup> leads to poor morphology and rampant defects in the resulting perovskite films. These strongly hamper the advances in efficiency and stability in THP solar cells. Herein, a comprehensive crystallization regulation strategy is demonstrated by introducing methyl carbazate (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, MeC) to regulate the crystallization kinetics of perovskite through inter-molecular interactions. The coordination bonds (O…Sn) and hydrogen bonds (N─H…O) between MeC and perovskite bridge the perovskite lattice together, helping suppress the oxidation of Sn<sup>2+</sup>, meanwhile, restraining the fast crystallization of perovskite in the precursor solution, by enhancing nucleation sites. More importantly, the connection by MeC can reduce the deep-level trap state defect density, significantly restraining non-radiative recombination and improving the carrier lifetime. Consequently, this facile strategy offers valuable insights into THP crystallization kinetics and allows an enhanced high power conversion efficiency from 10.43% to 14.02% to be achieved with good stability.
Authors
- Junfa Zhu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0888-4261)
- Deying Luo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8977-7267)
- Antonio Abate (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3012-3541)
- Alex K.‐Y. Jen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9219-7749)
- Jixian Xu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8119-3411)
- Yuqian Yang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3980-9918)
- Hao Xu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4072-513X)
- Yingguo Yang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1749-2799)
- Zheng‐Hong Lu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2050-0822)
- Xiaolan Ma (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1281-6043)
- Yong–Le Pan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7152-026X)
- Honghe Ding (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9405-0761)
- Qin Hu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3089-1070)
- Yu Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4260-1870)
- Mulin Sun (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5894-3736)
- Chengjian Yuan
- Juntao Hu
- Junfang Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4631-078X)
- Xiangyue Meng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5943-6210)
- Zhenzhu Zhao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2318-6373)
- Kaitian Mao
Institutions
- University of Science and Technology of China (CN)
- City University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Yunnan University (CN)
- Fudan University (CN)
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (DE)
- Hefei National Center for Physical Sciences at Nanoscale (CN)
- Shanghai Fudan Microelectronics (China) (CN)
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (CN)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Beihang University (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Small
- Published
- 2024-12-29
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202408302
- Citations
- 8
- Primary Topic
- Perovskite Materials and Applications
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 1.67
Funders
- Salt Science Research Foundation
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- University of Science and Technology of China
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities