Glycaemic control and periodontal health status of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus that attended a Tertiary health facility in Lagos, Nigeria

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus patients are more likely to have periodontal disease. Poor glycaemic management may be linked to the severity and extent of periodontal disease. In this study, the glycaemic control and periodontal health status of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who visited the periodontal clinic of a tertiary hospital in Lagos State, Nigeria, will be assessed. Methods: A total of 134 individuals with diabetes mellitus participated in this cross-sectional study. Data were collected using a pretested questionnaire to assess the glycaemic state-related factors. After which, there was an oral examination. The periodontal health state was then evaluated through an oral examination using the simplified oral hygiene index and the community periodontal index (CPI). Glycated haemoglobin was tested in the lab. Using logistic regression analysis, factors related to glycaemic state were assessed Results: Women made up 68.9% of the 134 participants. The participants average age was 48.9 (± 11.1) years. Most participants (59.7%) have had diabetes mellitus for more than five years. The prevalence of periodontal disease was 92.1% overall. Glycaemic control was significantly correlated with both CPI scores and the length of diabetes. Conclusion: Patients with poor glycaemic levels exhibited more severe periodontitis than those with excellent glycaemic levels. Periodontal disease should be assessed, prevented and treated in all diabetes individuals. Additionally, oral health interventions should be packaged and presented in plain language so that even the less educated populace may understand them easily.