Frequency of Metabolic Syndrome Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background: The most common risk factors of diabetes mellitus ,includes ethnicity, family history, obesity, metabolic syndrome, behavioral factors, such as physical inactivity, diet containing higher amount of saturated fat and carbohydrates and relatively lower number of fruits and vegetables, smoking, alcohol consumption and sleep duration. Out of these, obesity is directly related to metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance. Objective: To determine the frequency of metabolic syndrome among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Material and Methods A total of 260 patients were examined. Sample size was calculated with WHO sample size calculator using a reference study with 58% metabolic syndrome type 2 diabetes patients (confidence level= 95%, and margin of error=6%). Results: The results were analyzed as: Distribution of age among 260 patients was observed as n= 30-40 Years 48(18.5%), 41-50 Years 86(33.1%) 51-60 Years 64(24.6%) 61-70 Years 62 (23.8%). Mean age was 49.12 years with standard deviation ±2.142 Gender-wise distribution of 260 participants was analyzed as n=260 Gender Wise Distribution Male 182(70.0%) Female 78(30.0%). Distribution Metabolic syndrome among typeII diabetic patients was 201(77.3%). Conclusion: This study indicates that metabolic syndrome poses a serious health risk to Pakistani diabetes patients, who are more likely to have problems like cardiovascular disease and early death. The predictor's female gender, age in the 50–60 age range, residency in an urban area, and single status are all changeable. Therefore, health authorities should offer these most at-risk diabetes patient subpopulations specific interventions including lifestyle changes.