The research on the possibilities of detecting gas hydrates by the world community in the 20th – 21st centuries

The relevance of gas hydrates studying is defined to their potential role as an alternative energy source and an important element in the research of climate change. The main purpose of this literature review is to systematize existing methods for detecting gas hydrates, as well as to analyze their effectiveness and applicability in various conditions. The research objectives include the assessment of modern technologies such as seismic sensing, geophysical methods, chemical analysis of samples, the use of remote sensing data, and various modeling options. A number of publications based on such databases as GoogleScholar, GeoRef, and ResearchGate on methods for detecting gas hydrates, with an emphasis on their technological aspects and practical applications were found. The used methods include comparative analysis, meta-analysis of data, and evaluation of field research results. As a result, it was revealed that the most effective methods are represented by combinations of geophysical methods that allow to increase the accuracy of localization gas hydrates localization. Moreover, remote sensing methods are becoming more popular as an effective tool for identifying sources of methane emissions, usually associated with hydrate deposits. The main findings show that despite the advances in gas hydrate detection, there is a need in developing more sensitive and cost-effective technologies. The prospects for further research include the integration of new sensor technologies and modelling to improve the accuracy of predictions of gas hydrate deposits. The areas of future researches may cover both theoretical aspects and practical implementation of new methods in the field.