Comparative Analysis of Histochemical Staining Methods for Diagnosis of Gastritis

A study conducted at Seoul National University Hospital compared three hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining methods for diagnosing gastritis using tissue biopsies from 83 patients who underwent gastro endoscopy.The three methods tested were Mayer H&E, Harris H&E, and a modified five-minute Mayer H&E, with Wright-Giemsa (W-G) staining used as the standard.Two pathologists evaluated the slides for the presence of Helicobacter pylori, nucleus, capillaries, neutrophils, and internal metaplasia.The results were analyzed based on two criteria: stages from negative to severe and positive or negative categories for H. pylori detection.The five-minute Mayer H&E method showed the highest detection rate for H. pylori and the best staining for the nucleus, capillaries, and neutrophils.The highest agreement was observed between pathologists in their evaluations.These findings suggest that the five-minute Mayer H&E method is the most effective for diagnosing gastritis and provides the most accurate and reliable results.As a result, this method is recommended as the standard histological stain for gastritis diagnosis, offering superior diagnostic accuracy compared to other staining techniques.