Cutting down externalities of renewable energies

Objective: This work analyses the structure of the photovoltaic market, and the way the different development models and actors contribute in diverse forms to the creation of social value. Methodology: A theoretical review of the regulations applicable to the photovoltaic industry sector is conducted, encompassing an examination of externalities and the presentation of findings. Results: The study presents an analysis organised into four quadrants of a matrix with two main axes: the reduction of the carbon footprint (X) and the varied interests of the actors involved, namely saving or investing (Y). These quadrants represent a visual tool that allows understanding the different combinations of approaches towards carbon footprint reduction and the economic motivations of key actors in the photovoltaic industry. Practical implications: The insights into the roles of various actors in the photovoltaic industry have important practical implications, offering a broader view of models that address social and environmental concerns beyond carbon reduction. This can guide public administrations in shaping policies for sustainable development and help investors choose projects that deliver both financial returns and social value. Limitations: The research relies on a theoretical review of regulations and externalities in the photovoltaic industry. While this approach highlights various social and environmental objectives, the lack of empirical data limits the direct assessment of the actual impact of development models and stakeholders on the creation of social value.