Effect of Nanofluids on Electric Vehicle Battery Cooling System Performance

The use of electric vehicles is becoming increasingly attractive today due to their high energy efficiency and low environmental damage. Limited battery capacity, long charging times and low battery life can be stated as the biggest obstacles to the widespread use of electric vehicles. However, the negative effect of temperature on battery life has been found as a result of research and this effect has made the necessity of a thermal management system in electric vehicles mandatory. In addition, suspensions of nanoparticles in a liquid are called nanofluids. Nanofluids are promising for increasing heat transfer with their high thermal conductivity coefficients. In my study, it was aimed to improve and observe the performance of the cooling system by adding different nanoparticles at different concentrations to the Water-Ethylene Glycol liquid used as a coolant in current mass production in Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis through the design of the electric vehicle battery cooling system. The thermophysical properties of the nanofluids obtained by adding 50% Ethylene Glycol 50% Water mixture as the main coolant, ZnFe2O4, NiFe2O4, CoFe2O4 Magnetic Ferrite nanoparticles in different concentrations as nanoparticles to the coolant mixture in certain proportions were determined theoretically using models in the literature. Thermal conductivity, specific heat, viscosity values of nanofluids with different concentrations as 1%, 2%, 3% were calculated and the models were compared. In volumetric heat transfer, compared to the Water + Ethylene Glycol mixture, performance improvements of 9.2%, 10.9%, and 12.4% were achieved for CoFe2O4 at concentration ratios of 1%, 2%, and 3%, respectively. For NiFe2O4, performance improvements of 10.4%, 12.4%, and 13.7% were achieved at the same concentration ratios. For ZnFe2O4, performance improvements of 10.9%, 12.8%, and 14.6% were achieved at 1%, 2%, and 3% concentration ratios.