Composite Scattering of a Target above the Snow Ground

Research on the composite scattering from snow ground and a target can provide data and theoretical support for the development of remote sensing, as well as target detection and recognition technologies. The focus of this investigation is on how to effectively solve the three components of composite scattering. Composite scattering consists of three parts: target scattering, snow scattering, and coupling scattering. In this paper, we propose an effective composite scattering model to deal with the composite scattering problem of a target on snow ground. It is a hybrid model based on the four-path model (FPM), the Kirchhoff approximation and radiative transfer (KART) theory, and the shooting and bouncing ray (SBR) method. Among them, the scattering from snow ground is evaluated by KART theory, the scattering from target is solved by SBR method, and the coupling scattering from target and snow is approximated by four-path model (FPM). In the numerical results section, the effectiveness of KART theory and the SBR method used in this paper are validated with the measured data. In additional, we also analyze the composite scattering model for complex target above the snow ground.