Innovative AI Convolution Filter Techniques for Corneal Endothelium Dystrophy Imaging

Eye is the important organ in human body and it is very complex and highly sophisticated organ in the human body, In eye cornea is delicate layer which consists of five more subsequent layers inherently, The endothelium layer contains hexagonally structured cells that can become disrupted due to dystrophies such as Fuch's dystrophy (FD), advanced Fuch's dystrophy (AFD), posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy, Irido corneal dystrophy (ICD), mild polymegathism, and corneal guttata (CG). A total of 13 images were acquired from a specular microscope, capturing different dystrophies from various patients. These images were processed using an artificial intelligent convolution filter (AICF) algorithm, which extracted key parameters of the endothelium layer, including mean cell area, elongation, Heywood circularity, compactness, hexagonality, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation. Mean cell area ranges from 79.5 µm<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> to 3485 µm<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup>.Elongation varies between 3.11 µm<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and 3.98 µm<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup>.Compactness spans from 0.62 µm<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> to 0.93 µm<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup>.Heywood circularity ranges from 0.8 µm<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> to 1.98 µm<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup>.Coefficient of variation ranges from 10 µm<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> to 99 µm<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup>. Hexagonality varies from 46.6 µm<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> to 65.2 µm<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup>.These meticulously calculated endothelial statistical parameters reflect the health condition of the endothelium layer, providing insights into the impact of various dystrophies on the cellular architecture of the corneal endothelium.