Development of a Speed-Limiting Braking Mechanism for Baby Walkers Using a PI Controller

Baby walkers are commonly used to support infants in developing motor skills and walking abilities, yet their uncontrolled movement poses significant safety risks, such as falls and injuries. This study addresses these risks by developing a speed-limiting braking system that prevents baby walkers from exceeding a safe speed limit of 0.3 meters per second, thereby enhancing safety. The system integrates a Proportional-Integral (PI) controller, a speed sensor, and a servo motor-driven braking mechanism. Methodology involved MATLAB simulations to fine-tune controller parameters and physical testing for validation. Results showed the braking mechanism engaged promptly when the speed limit was reached and disengaged when speed decreased, confirming effective regulation without impeding natural infant movements. This study demonstrates a reliable solution to enhance baby walker safety while promoting safe motor development for infants. MATLAB simulations and physical tests confirmed the system's efficiency in real-time speed monitoring and automated braking. The results highlighted rapid response times and seamless braking, providing controlled deceleration without interfering with the infant's natural movements.