Enhanced Energy Harvesting In Pvdf/Zno Nanogenerators: A Comparative Investigation Of Fabrication Methods

This work created a high-performance nanogenerator based on zinc oxide (ZnO) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanoparticles using three different production techniques: spin coating, electrospinning, and, centrifugal spinning. The electrical output created under mechanical stress was monitored and examined in order to assess the effectiveness of the various production techniques. First, a baseline performance of power density $0.261 \mu \text{W} / \text{cm}^{2}$ under hand press and $0.313 \mu \text{W} / \text{cm}^{2}$ utilizing a hitting machine was obtained for centrifugal spinning fabrication technique with pure PVDF nanogenerators. A notable rise in the voltage produced was noted upon the incorporation of ZnO nanoparticles into the PVDF matrix during centrifugal spinning processing. The centrifugally spun PVDF/ZnO samples had a power density of $0.469 \mu \text{W} / \text{cm}^{2}$ when using a hand press and $0.609 \mu \text{W} / \text{cm}^{2}$ when using a hitting machine. Under the same circumstances, the samples created by electrospinning likewise demonstrated enhanced performance, with power densities of 0.393 $\mu \text{W} / \text{cm}^{2}$ and $0.581 \mu \text{W} / \text{cm}^{2}$ respectively while spin coating techniques produce lower power densities of 0.118 $\mu \text{W} / \text{cm}^{2}$ and $0.123 \mu \text{W} / \text{cm}^{2}$ respectively. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and x-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to thoroughly assess the nanogenerators. Among the three techniques, centrifugal spinning demonstrated superior piezoelectric output, with enhanced electrical generation.