A Pattern Reconfigurable Slot-Fed Patch Antenna for Millimeter Wave

This paper introduces a novel reconfigurable patch antenna with beam width adjustment capabilities, specifically designed for the 24 GHz band. The antenna can dynamically switch between four distinct beam widths, offering flexibility from a wide 70-degree beam with a 7 dBi gain to a narrow 10-degree beam with a 13 dBi gain. A significant innovation in this design is the strategic integration of diodes along the central feed line, which simplifies the overall antenna architecture. Additionally, multiple diodes are employed to connect the patch to the ground, ensuring stable radiation patterns even when certain sections of the patch are inactive. Combining low cost, low profile, optimal in-band radiation patterns, and a favorable reflection coefficient, this antenna is ideally suited for mobile millimeter-wave applications, such as autonomous driving radars and 5G mobile communications.