Classification and Development Status of Battery Types for New Energy Vehicles

This article provides a detailed explanation of the composition and working principles of current mainstream new energy vehicle (NEV) batteries, summarizing the advantages and disadvantages of different types of batteries and analyzing their development prospects. As the core component of NEVs, batteries come in various forms, with their recycling and reuse becoming pressing challenges that need to be addressed. Based on a comparison of the performance indicators of mainstream batteries such as energy storage batteries and fuel cells, the article explores the advantages and bottlenecks of each battery type in market development. The research shows that the future development of NEV batteries will exhibit a trend of diversification. Although the technological advancements of various batteries are significant, the overall recycling rates remain low, especially for lithium-ion batteries and nickel-metal hydride batteries, which face complex technical challenges in recycling. In conclusion, improving overall recycling rates and optimizing regeneration technologies are crucial to promoting the sustainable development of NEV batteries. Future research should focus on the innovation of battery recycling processes and the integration with market applications to drive the long-term development of the new energy vehicle industry.