Detection and evaluation of vascular calcifications using Duplex Doppler ultrasound, in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease at the Centro Integral Hemodialisis y Trasplantes S.R.L. in Tarija Bolivia

Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease represents a systemic pathology with important consequences on patient survival, mainly through the development of vascular calcifications. Early detection of these calcifications is crucial for the assessment of cardiovascular risk and timely therapeutic management. The present study aims to evaluate the usefulness of Duplex Doppler ultrasound in the detection and evaluation of vascular calcifications in patients with CKD.Methods: Study design. Descriptive observational, which was carried out at the Centro Integral Hemodialisis y Trasplantes S.R.L. in Tarija, Bolivia. The research universe was 60 patients with Chronic Kidney Disease, who undergo hemodialysis at the Center, the sample was 32 patients, selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Exclusion Criteria: Any patient who does not meet the inclusion criteria. Inclusion Criteria: Patients with CKD who undergo Hemodialysis at Centro Integral Hemodialisis y Trasplantes S.R.L.Results: Table 1 shows that, of 32 patients, the predominant age group is 61 to 70 years. The presence of chronic diseases is evident in patients with CKD, with arterial hypertension and type II diabetes mellitus being the most frequent. Table 3 shows that of the total number of patients in the study population, 75% had a mild vascular calcification score (0-25 points), 21.87% had a moderate vascular calcification score (26-39 points), and only 3.12% had a severe score (40-63 points).Conclusions: Duplex Doppler ultrasound is a noninvasive, safe and effective technique for the evaluation of vascular calcifications in patients with chronic kidney disease. Its ability to detect subtle changes in arterial morphology allows for early diagnosis and better management of cardiovascular risk. The presence of vascular calcifications in patients with CKD increases cardiovascular risk