Civil UAV command and control link safety element analysis

Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) are central to low-altitude flight activities, and their safety and reliability are crucial to the development of the entire low-altitude economy. This article provides a detailed analysis of low-altitude drone airworthiness certification policies, UA operational risk levels, and UAS safety objectives. It conducts an in-depth study of the operational risks and functional hazard assessments of UAS Command and Control links in logistics operation scenarios and innovatively proposes a safety analysis method and process suitable for civil UAS Command and Control links, which is highly practical and operable. The research findings are of significant importance for the airworthiness certification of drone Command and Control links, offering clear guidance and reference for the safety design and improvement of drone communication links, while also providing technological support for technological innovation and industrial upgrading in the low-altitude economy. More importantly, the processes and methods of this research have a wide range of applicability and reference value. They are not only applicable to logistics operation scenarios but can also be extended to other scenarios such as power line inspection, agricultural and forestry plant protection, freight express delivery, environmental monitoring, emergency rescue, forest fire prevention, artificial rainmaking, and carrying passengers and goods, or to the analysis of key factors in the airworthiness safety of other communication system links. They are of great practical significance and value in preventing and mitigating safety risks in drone operations, providing valuable experience and technical support for the safe operation and risk management of the UAS industry.