The Design of Piles under Combined Loading: Effect of Pile Length, Pile Spacing and Relative Density

In pile foundation systems, displacements in important structures affected by both axial and lateral loads must be limited within elastic limits. For elastic limits; effects of the important parameters such as; pile diameter, pile spacing, pile length /pile diameter ratio and relative density were examined. For this purpose, loadings were carried out in medium-dense and extreme dense sand conditions with the following parameter considerations: pile length/pile diameter ratios of 10, 15 and 30, pile spacings of 3D and 6D and for relative density of the soil 50% and 85%. By determining the vertical and lateral displacements of the pile foundation system formed under axial and lateral load effects and loading related ground stresses, the relationship between the foundation system and the ground was expressed. Experimental data were analyzed in Plaxis 3D. From the results of the performed model tests and Plaxis 3D optimum design parameters have been determined for soil-structure interaction in lateral loaded pile foundation systems.