Targeting diabetic and chronic wounds using topical nano-formulations impregnated with modern microbiome-driven peptides and probiotics

Diabetic wounds are a serious complication for patients suffering from diabetes, irrespective of its type. Amongst all the treatment options available, peptides and probiotics are the most recent developments for the treatment and management of impaired wound healing. This review article sheds light on new-age topical biomaterials, specifically probiotic- and peptide-impregnated nanoparticles. The review also explores their applications in novel and effective Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFU) or diabetic wound healing therapeutic strategies. This article focuses on the vital role of the wound microbiome and the possible contribution of probiotics to wound healing, along with the various factors associated with chronic wound healing, stages of typical wound reconstruction, and the major variables such as moisture, temperature, bacteria, and pressure that affect the healing process. The review culminates by emphasizing the significance of managing DFU with a multimodal strategy that integrates both established and novel treatments to enhance patient outcomes and mitigate the severity of this disease.