Oral health in refugees from Venezuela and Haiti: challenges, consequences, and comprehensive strategies for solutions

This study examines the oral health challenges faced by Haitian and Venezuelan refugees in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, based on over a decade of clinical experience in the public health system and as a university professor. The city, a significant destination for these migrant populations, saw an initial influx of Haitians following the 2010 earthquake and, starting in 2015, an increase in Venezuelan refugees due to political and socioeconomic crises. Over 3,000 refugee patients received care at the UBS Petrópolis health center from 2013-2024, with treatments such as extractions, restorations, endodontic emergencies, and preventive measures such as fluoride application and glass ionomer sealants. The partnership with the Nacer Institute, a local NGO, was also crucial to providing assistance to the most vulnerable Venezuelans. The study highlights the need for continued government and corporate support, NGO oversight, and specific oral health programs to promote the successful integration of these populations. The application of glass ionomer sealants, due to their effectiveness in resource-limited settings, and the distribution of oral health kits are recommended to improve the oral health conditions of these refugees. Further studies are needed to assess the sustainability and impact of these initiatives.