RESEARCH OF THE PROCESS OF ABSORPTION AND DISTILLATION OF SODA ASH PRODUCTION BY THE AMMONIA METHOD AS A CONTROL OBJECT

Soda soda is one of the largest volume chemical products and the most important raw material component in various industries. The volume of soda ash production significantly affects the development of a number of other industries, including the production of glass, ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy. Not only the sphere of production, but also the sphere of consumption of soda ash is characterized by a high degree of concentration. The global consumption of soda ash in 2012 was, according to experts, 54.7 million tons / year, its growth is 1% per year. As a technological facility for the production of soda ash, it is distinguished by a complex scheme of material flows flowing mainly through column-type devices, multi-stage continuous chemical-technological processes, multidimensionality, inertia, complex dependencies between input and output parameters of technological modes, etc., i.e. it has all the characteristic features complex systems. The production of soda ash includes 8 main and 3 auxiliary departments (a department means a group of devices that are connected by the commonality of processes occurring in them due to the presence of leading flows and appropriate collectors for storing raw materials). The article analyzes the possibility and necessity of decomposition of the general task of control soda ash production into the subtask of managing absorption and distillation departments; carbonation, filtering and calcination and other production departments. Such a decomposition is technologically natural, since the absorption and distillation departments do not have headers for collecting the steam-gas mixture and makes it possible to develop and implement control systems for such departments and the production of soda ash as a whole by stages, provided that the productivity of the relevant departments is coordinated. The article also conducts a study of the absorption and distillation department as an object of control and sets the general task of control this department.