Chlorinated Phenolic, Benzenoid, and Phenylethanoid Glucosides From the Mangrove Endophytic Fungus <i>Fuscoporia</i> sp. A2A6

A total of 12 new compounds, named fuscoposides A-L (1-12), including 2 phenolic, 9 benzenoid, and 1 phenylethanoid glucosides, were isolated from the mangrove endophytic fungus Fuscoporia sp. A2A6. The structures of these compounds were established by HRESIMS, NMR spectroscopic data, single-crystal x-ray diffraction analysis, and chemical methods. Most notably, 10 compounds, namely, fuscoposides A-I (1-9) and fuscoposide L (12), are mono- or di-chlorinated. Fuscoposide C (3) exhibited moderate neuroprotective effects against H₂O₂-induced oxidative damage in mouse hippocampal neuron HT-22 cells in a dose-dependent manner at the concentration range of 2.0-6.0 µM, whereas fuscoposide G (7) decreased the expression of COX2 in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mouse microglia BV2 cells at the concentration of 5.0 µM, thereby displaying anti-inflammatory activity.