Research on the Spillover Effect of Science and Technology Factor Agglomeration under the Perspective of Spatial Heterogeneity—Empirical Analyses from Provincial Regions in China

Technological factors agglomeration plays a pivotal role in fostering sustainable economic development. This study employs panel data spanning from 2000 to 2019, encompassing 30 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions in China, to conduct an empirical examination utilizing the Spatial Durbin Model. The findings reveal that technological factors agglomeration levels are generally distributed across China, with significant regional variations. The spatial configuration indicates a fundamental correlation between technological factors agglomeration and economic development. At the national level, technological factors agglomeration exhibits the capacity to stimulate economic growth through both radiation and agglomeration effects, with a noteworthy positive spatial spillover effect. At the regional level, there exists a substantial spatial spillover effect of technological factors agglomeration. In light of these results, to harness the spatial spillover effect of technological factors agglomeration and bolster its contribution to economic development, several strategic measures are recommended. Firstly, overcoming inter-regional barriers is imperative. Strengthening cooperation and facilitating the exchange of technological factors agglomeration between regions are essential steps. Leveraging the central city's role in technological factors agglomeration is crucial for maximizing its radiation function. Secondly, expediting the pace and enhancing the quality of the agglomeration of scientific and technological elements is vital. This approach aims to fully unleash the spillover effect inherent in the agglomeration of scientific and technological elements. Lastly, reinforcing support for technological factors agglomeration in the central and western regions is recommended. Optimizing the spatial layout of technological factors agglomeration and providing targeted assistance to address deficiencies in the western regions can significantly contribute to overall development.