Migration Processes Between Tajikistan and Afghanistan: History and Present

The purpose of the study is to identify trends in modern migration from Afghanistan to Tajikistan. The study included a content analysis of scientific papers by Tajik, Russian and foreign scientists.Analytical reports and annual reports of international organizations and the Republic of Tajikistan were analyzed, and the results of observations conducted by the author were used. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: to identify the current trends in Afghan migration. The scientific significance of the study lies in the analysis of international migration from Afghanistan to Tajikistan and its impact on the socio-economic development of both countries, especially the border areas. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the obtained research results can be used in the future as a basis for analytical and project activities in developing a strategy for Tajik-Afghan cooperation, in particular in the field of population migration. The analysis of the problem under study showed that there are all the prerequisites for migration of the population of Tajikistan and Afghanistan. Commercial migration plays a significant role in the life of the population of the border areas of both countries. It was revealed that for many households, border markets occupy a key place for earning money and improving their well-being. Afghan refugees generally successfully adapt to Tajik society, however, due to the limited number of jobs in the labor market, like many citizens of Tajikistan, refugees face problems finding work and permanent employment. In view of the recent political events in Afghanistan, there is a limitation of migration data for research.